Basic Switch configurations commands
In this article I will introduce the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) command line interface (CLI) for the 2960 series switch. You will need to logon to a switch and become familiar with the different levels of access on the switch. You will also become familiar with the commands available to you in each mode (user or privileged) and the switch help facility, history, and editing features.
User vs. Privileged Mode
User mode is indicated with the > next to the switch name. You can look at settings but can not make changes from user mode. In Privilege mode, indicated by the #, you can do anything. To get into privilege mode the keyword is enable.
HELP
To view all commands available from this mode type:?This will give you the list of all available commands for the switch in your current mode. You can also use the question mark after you have started typing a command. For example if you want to use a show command but you do not remember which one it is, use the ? as this will output all commands that you can use with the show command.
Configuration Mode
From privilege mode you can enter configuration mode by typing config term command you can exit configuration mode type type end or <CTL>+z
Configuration of Cisco 2960 Switch
To practically implement these command either create a simple topology on packet tracer or download this topology.
Now click on any switch and configure it as given below
To know all available command on user exec mode type ? and press enter
Switch>?
Exec commands:
[1-99] Session number to resume
connect Open a terminal connection
disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection
enable Turn on privileged commands
exit Exit from the EXEC
logout Exit from the EXEC
ping Send echo messages
[Output is omitted]
Three command can be used to logout from terminal.
Switch>enable Switch#disable Switch>exit Switch con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started.
show version Command will display the device platform, detected interface, ios name
Switch>enable Switch#show version Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team ROM: C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4) System returned to ROM by power-on Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory. 24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) [Output is omitted]
show mac address Command will show all detected mac address dynamically and manually
Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
To view run time configuration of RAM use show running-config command
Switch#show running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 925 bytes version 12.2 no service password-encryption ! hostname Switch [Output is omitted]
To view startup configuration [ Stored in NVRAM] use show startup-config command
Switch#show startup-config Current configuration : 925 bytes version 12.2 no service password-encryption ! hostname Switch [Output is omitted]
To get information about VLAN configuration use show vlan command
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -----------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
[Output is omitted]
show interface command will show all detected interface with their hardware description and configuration
Switch#show interfaces
FastEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.2f9d.9101 (bia 0060.2f9d.9101)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
[Output is omitted]
interface vlan 1 is used to assign ip address and default gateway to switch. Show interface vlan 1 will give a over view of vlan1.
Switch#show interface vlan1
Vlan1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Hardware is CPU Interface, address is 0060.5c23.82ae
(bia 0060.5c23.82ae)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
[Output is omitted]
delete command is used to delete all vlan configuration from switch Don’t add space between flash and vlan.dat Run this exactly shown here adding a space could erase flash entirely leaving switch blank
Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat Delete filename [vlan.dat]? Delete flash:/vlan.dat? [confirm] %deleting flash:/vlan.dat
Startup configuration can be removed by erase commands
Switch#erase startup-config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration files! Continue? [confirm] [OK] Erase of nvram: complete %SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram
Basic Switch Configuration Step by Step
use configure terminal command to go in global configuration mode
Switch#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Now change default switch name to switch 1
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Set enable password to vinita and secret to nikki
Switch1(config)#enable password vinita Switch1(config)#enable secret nikki
Set console password to vinita and enable it by login command. Order of command is important. Set password before you enable it.
Switch1(config)#line console 0 Switch1(config-line)#password vinita Switch1(config-line)#login Switch1(config-line)#exit
Enable 5 telnet session [ vty0 - vty4] for router and set their password to vinita
Switch1(config)#line vty 0 4 Switch1(config-line)#password vinita Switch1(config-line)#login Switch1(config-line)#exit
Now set switch ip address to 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0 and default gateway to 192.168.0.5
Switch1(config)#interface vlan1 Switch1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0 Switch1(config-if)#exit Switch1(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.0.5
Set a description finance VLAN to interface fast Ethernet 1
Switch1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 Switch1(config-if)#description finance VLAN
By default switch automatically negotiate speed and duplex but you can adjust it manually
Switch1(config-if)#duplex full %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to downSwitch1 (config-if)#duplex auto %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up Switch1(config-if)#duplex half %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up Switch1(config-if)#duplex auto Switch1(config-if)#speed 10 Switch1(config-if)#speed 100 Switch1(config-if)#speed auto Switch1(config-if)#exit Switch1(config)#exit
mac address table can be wiped out by clear commands
Switch1#show
Switch1#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
Switch1#clear mac-address-table
Switch1#clear mac-address-table ?
dynamic dynamic entry type
Switch1#clear mac-address-table dynamic
To restart switch use reload command [ running configuration will be erased so copy it first to startup configuration ]
Switch1#reload Proceed with reload? [confirm] Switch con0 is now available Press RETURN to get started.
CCNA basic switch configuration commands sheet
| Command | descriptions |
| switch>? |
The ? works here the same as in a router Used to get the list of all available commands
|
| switch>enable |
User mode, same as a router
|
| switch# |
Privileged mode
|
| switch#disable |
Leaves privileged mode
|
| switch>exit |
Leaves user mode
|
| switch#show version |
Displays information about software and hardware.
|
| switch#show flash: |
Displays information about flash memory (will work only for the 2900/2950 series).
|
| switch#show mac-address-table |
Displays the current MAC address forwarding table
. |
| switch#show running-config |
Displays the current configuration in DRAM.
|
| switch#show startup-config |
Displays the current configuration in NVRAM.
|
| switch#show vlan |
Displays the current VLAN configuration.
|
| switch#show interfaces |
Displays the interface configuration and status of line: up/up, up/down, admin down.
|
| switch#show interface vlan1 |
Displays setting of virtual interface VLAN 1, the default VLAN on the switch.
|
| To Reset Switch Configuration | |
| Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat |
Removes the VLAN database from flash memory.
|
| Delete filename [vlan.dat]? |
Press Enter
|
| Delete flash:vlan.dat? [confirm] |
Press Enter
|
| Switch#erase startup-config |
Erases the file from NVRAM.
|
| Switch#reload |
Restarts the switch.
|
| To Set Host Names | |
| Switch#configure terminal |
Moves to global configuration mode
|
| Switch(config)#hostname Switch1 |
Creates a locally significant host name of the switch. This is the same command as the router.
|
| Switch1(config)# | |
| To Set Passwords | |
| Switch(config)#enable password vinita |
Sets the enable password to vinita
|
| Switch(config)#enable secret nikki |
Sets the encrypted secret password to nikki
|
| Switch(config)#line console 0 |
Enters line console mode
|
| Switch(config-line)#login |
Enables password checking
|
| Switch(config-line)#password vinita |
Sets the password to vinita
|
| Switch(config-line)#exit |
Exits line console mode
|
| Switch(config-line)#line vty 0 4 |
Enters line vty mode for all five virtual ports
|
| Switch(config-line)#login |
Enables password checking
|
| Switch(config-line)#password vinita |
Sets the password to vinita
|
| Switch(config-line)#exit |
Exits line vty mode
|
| Switch(config)# | |
| To Set IP Addresses and Default Gateways | |
| Switch(config)#interface vlan1 |
Enters the virtual interface for VLAN 1, the default VLAN on the switch
|
| Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0 |
Sets the IP address and netmask to allow for remote access to the switch
|
| Switch(config-if)#exit | |
| Switch(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.0.5 |
Allows IP information an exit past the local network
|
| To Set Interface Descriptions | |
| Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1 |
Enters interface configuration mode
|
| Switch(config-if)#description Finance VLAN |
Adds a description of the interface
|
| To Set Duplex Operation | |
| Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1 |
Moves to interface configuration mode
|
| Switch(config-if)#duplex full |
Forces full-duplex operation
|
| Switch(config-if)#duplex auto |
Enables auto-duplex config
|
| Switch(config-if)#duplex half |
Forces half-duplex operation
|
| To Set Operation Speed | |
| Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1 | |
| Switch(config-if)#speed 10 |
Forces 10-Mbps operation
|
| Switch(config-if)#speed 100 |
Forces 100-Mbps operation
|
| Switch(config-if)#speed auto |
Enables autospeed configuration
|
| MAC Address Table | |
| switch#show mac address-table |
Displays current MAC address forwarding table
|
| switch#clear mac address-table |
Deletes all entries from current MAC address forwarding table
|
| switch#clear mac address-table dynamic |
Deletes only dynamic entries from table
|
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